Fifth Grade Language Arts

This course provides structured lessons on composition, vocabulary, grammar, usage, and mechanics. Through emphasis on spelling, students learn relationships between sounds and spellings in words and affixes. Lessons are designed to develop comprehension, build vocabulary, and help students become more independent and thoughtful readers.

LANGUAGE SKILLS

• Composition—Students practice writing, from planning to proofreading, as they write a memoir, an editorial, a research paper, a business letter, and more
• Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics—Students learn about parts of speech, punctuation, and research skills. They continue sentence analysis and diagramming
• Vocabulary—The Vocabulary Workshop helps students enrich their vocabulary, develop word analysis skills, and prepare for standardized tests
• Spelling—Students learn sound-symbol relationships and spelling patterns, identify affixes and how they affect the meaning of words, and recognize base words and roots in related words

LITERATURE
Students analyze, compare, and creatively respond to a variety of works. The emphasis is on classic works, including tales of Robin Hood and St. George; selections from Don Quixote and Shakespeare’s The Tempest and A Midsummer Night’s Dream; “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”; and Sherlock Holmes mysteries. Students read works of nonfiction, as well as four novels (selected from a long list of such classics as Pippi Longstocking, Call It Courage, and The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe ).

LANGUAGE SKILLS

Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics

Sentences

• Identify and form four kinds of sentences: declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory
• Rewrite sentences to change their kind (for example, interrogative to declarative) and use the appropriate end punctuation mark for each kind of sentence
• Identify the subject and predicate of a sentence
• Distinguish complete subjects and predicates from simple subjects and predicates
• Distinguish between complete sentences and fragments
• Identify subject complements and direct objects
• Analyze and diagram sentences

Punctuation and Capitalization

• Use periods to end most abbreviations and after initials
• Form abbreviations for units of measure and two-letter postal abbreviations for states without periods
• Use commas to separate words in a series
• Use commas with yes and no, and in direct address
• Use commas in dates and in geographic place names (e.g., between the name of a city and state)
• Use commas and quotation marks to set off direct quotations in sentences
• Use commas before and, but, and or in compound sentences
• Use quotation marks, underlining, or italics as appropriate for titles of stories, poems, books, movies, plays, and works of art
• Review capitalization rules (e.g., capitalize the first word of a sentence, proper nouns and adjectives, names, important words in titles, etc.)

Nouns

• Identify proper and common nouns
• Identify singular and plural nouns, regular and irregular
• Form singular and plural possessive nouns
• Identify nouns used as subjects, subject complements, and direct objects

Pronouns

• Identify and understand usage of personal pronouns
• Identify and use singular and plural pronouns
• Complete sentences with pronouns as subject complements and direct objects
• Complete sentences with pronouns as objects of prepositions
• Use the personal pronouns me, us, him, her, and them as subject complements or direct objects
• Identify the person of a pronoun: first, second, or third person
• Identify the gender of a pronoun: masculine, feminine, or neuter
• Distinguish subject pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we, and they from object pronouns me, you, him, her, it, us, and them
• Identify and form possessive pronouns
• Identify and use reflexive and intensive pronouns

Adjectives

• Identify adjectives and their functions
• Form proper adjectives from proper nouns (e.g., Swedish from Sweden)
• Identify definite and indefinite articles
• Identify and use the correct forms of demonstrative adjectives
• Identify and use possessive adjectives
• Form positive, comparative, and superlative adjectives

Verbs

• Identify and use action verbs, being verbs, linking verbs, and auxiliary verbs
• Write questions and negative statements using main and helping verbs
• Identify and form principal parts of verbs (present, present participle, past, past participle)
• Identify and use regular and irregular verbs
• Identify and use simple tenses: present, past, future
• Identify and form the present and past progressive tense
• Identify transitive verbs and direct objects in sentences
• Identify intransitive verbs and distinguish from transitive verbs
• Use singular verbs with singular subjects, and plural verbs with plural subjects
• Form and correctly use principal parts of break, see, go, choose, and take
• Correctly use:
• is, am, are, was, were
• do and does
• there is and there are
• Correctly use forms of:
• let and leave
• teach and learn
• lie and lay
• sit and set

Adverbs

• Identify and use adverbs of time, place, and manner
• Form comparative and superlative adverbs
• Identify adverbs as positive, comparative, or superlative
• Use good and well; their and there; real and very; to, too, and two; and no, not, and never correctly in sentences

Prepositions, Conjunctions, and Interjections

• Identify prepositions and prepositional phrases in sentences
• Select the correct preposition to complete a sentence
• Correctly use between and among, and from and off
• Identify prepositional phrases as adjectival or adverbial
• Identify objects of prepositions
• Identify and use conjunctions
• Use conjunctions to connect two sentences
• Use appropriate interjections to introduce sentences

Vocabulary and Word Study

• Understand and apply the definitions of given words
• Write sentences to answer questions on a reading selection that uses the words in context
• Write original sentences that use words correctly in context
• Make connections between words and ideas
• Identify synonyms and antonyms of given words

LISTENING AND SPEAKING

• Recite a poem from memory, read an original composition, and read a brief passage from a favorite book
• Use techniques for effective oral presentations (e.g., stand straight and tall, keep your hands at your sides, speak with expression in a loud, clear voice, use complete sentences and proper grammar)
• Maintain purposeful discussion (agree and disagree constructively, state ideas clearly and fully using complete sentences and proper grammar, synthesize and build on others’ ideas, explain and defend ideas)

COMPOSITION

Writing as a Process

• Understand and practice writing as a process (prewriting, drafting, revising, proofreading, publishing)

Writing a Memoir (A Personal Recollection)

• Understand the elements of the memoir: plot, characters, setting, and theme
• Plan and organize events to be related in the memoir
• Distinguish between first person and third person point of view
• Use imagery and simile to describe a place or scene
• Write realistic dialogue
• Write, revise, and proofread a memoir

Writing a Research Paper

• Choose and narrow a topic for a research paper
• Find sources for a research paper
• Gather information using library and Internet sources
• Prepare bibliography cards
• Paraphrase sources and understand how to avoid plagiarism
• Write a thesis statement
• Prepare a formal outline for the research paper
• Compile a bibliography
• Write an effective introduction and conclusion
• Develop paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting details that relate to the topic
• Revise the research paper to improve content, organization, clarity, and word choices, and proofread to correct errors

Writing to a Prompt

• Identify four types of prompts: narrative, expository, persuasive, and descriptive
• Decide what type of writing a prompt requires
• Identify elements of a paragraph: topic sentence, body (supporting details), and closing sentence
• Plan the beginning, middle, and end of a response to a prompt
• Practice writing in response to writing prompts under timed conditions

Writing an Editorial

• Analyze an editorial
• Distinguish fact from opinion
• Locate facts and other information to support opinions in an editorial
• Anticipate and respond to opposing arguments
• Revise with special attention to controlling tone and eliminating unnecessary attacks, unsupported judgments, and overstatements

Writing a Speech

• Identify different purposes for a speech (e.g., to inform, persuade, or entertain)
• Write a thesis statement for an informative speech
• Use the writing process to write a speech
• Deliver the speech to an audience

Writing Business Letters

• Identify the parts of a business letter
• Understand the audience and purpose of the business letter
• Write and revise a business letter of complaint or a request for information

Writing a Compare-and-Contrast Essay

• Analyze an essay written to compare and contrast
• Use graphic organizers to plan topics to compare and contrast
• Prepare an outline for a compare-and-contrast essay
• Write, revise, and proofread a compare-and-contrast essay

Writing a Character Sketch

• Gather information through observation or recall for a character sketch
• Write dialogue to include in a character sketch
• Use specific details and examples to illustrate the subject’s characteristics
• Write, revise, and proofread a character sketch

Writing a Short Story (Optional)

• Analyze a short story
• Describe the setting for a story
• Select and describe characters for a story
• Plan a conflict and the plot of a story
• Write, revise, and proofread a short story

Writing a Book Review (Optional)

• Summarize the book to be reviewed
• Gather information about the author
• Evaluate the plot, characters, and setting
• Prepare an outline for the book review
• Write, revise, and proofread the review

LITERATURE

Comprehension Strategies

• Ask questions and support answers by connecting prior knowledge with information found in, and inferred from, the text
• Make connections to personal experiences
• Recall major points in the text and make and modify predictions
• Summarize readings

Comprehension Skills

• Recognize the author’s purpose
• Identify the speaker or narrator in a selection
• Identify and explain cause and effect in literary selections
• Compare and contrast across selections and genres
• Make inferences and draw conclusions about characters, supported by evidence from the text
• Identify the main problem or conflict of the plot and how it is resolved
• Distinguish between fact and opinion
• Identify and sequence steps in a process
• Identify the main idea and supporting details of a paragraph or selection
• Recognize story elements: character, setting, plot (conflict and resolution), theme

Informational Materials

• Use titles, tables of contents, chapter headings, glossaries, and indexes to locate information in text
• Follow multiple-step written instructions (e.g., how to assemble a product or play a board game)
• Locate information in charts, diagrams, maps, captions, illustrations, and photos

Literary Response

• Recognize different genres: biography, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and poetry
• Determine what characters are like by what they say and do, and how the author or illustrator portrays them

Poetry

• Identify line, stanza, and rhyme
• Identify and use similes
• Identify and analyze how a poet uses language to appeal to the senses, create imagery, and set tone
• Recognize literary techniques such as personification, alliteration, and onomatopoeia

Listening and Speaking Strategies

• Retell, paraphrase, and explain what a speaker has said
• Read prose and poetry aloud with fluency, rhythm, and expression
• Connect and relate prior experiences, insights, and ideas to those of a speaker

Analysis of Oral and Media Communications

• Compare ideas and points of view expressed in broadcast and print media
• Distinguish between the speaker’s opinions and verifiable facts

SPELLING

• Words with Two Vowels Together, Each Having Its Own Sound; Prefix uni-; and Base Word grace
• Words with /k/ Sound Spelled ch, Prefix quad-, and Base Word scholar
• The Schwa Sound Spelled a at the Beginning and End of Words, Prefix oct-, Base Word deficit
• Words with the Endings tion and sion, Prefix kilo-, Root gradu
• Word Relationships, Prefix milli-, and Root prehend
• Words with /j/ Spelled dge, Soft c and g, Prefix a-, and Root tox
• Word Relationships, Prefix super-, and Root tech
• Abbreviations, Prefix para-, and Root cour
• Contractions, Prefix multi-, and Root meter
• Words with /shun/ Spelled tion and sion, Prefix a-, and Root thermo
• Words with /sh/ Spelled ch, /k/ Spelled que, /s/ Spelled sc, Prefix out-, and Base Word operate
• Word Relationships, Prefix over-, and Root brev
• Words Often Confused in Spelling, Prefix –ir, and Root bell
• Difficult Plurals, Prefix im-, and Root just
• Adding the /shun/ Ending Spelled tion and sion, Prefix il-, and Root ini
• Words with tion and sion, Suffix –eer, and Root liber
• Words with tion and sion, Suffix –ess, and Root cline
• Adding Vowel Suffixes, Suffix –ical, and Root cert
• Adding Suffixes, Suffix –ism, and Root grat
• Adding Vowel Suffixes, Suffix –ify, and Root domus
• Abbreviations, Suffix –or, and Root mand
• Word Relationships, Suffix –ary, and Root ques
• Compound Words, Suffix –ant, and Root min
• Words with tion, Suffix –worthy, and Root flam
• Endings tion and sion, Suffix –ward, and Root nov
• Words Often Confused in Spelling, Suffix –some, and Root mob
• Words within Words, Suffix –like, and Root term
• Words with Two Pronunciations and Two Meanings, Suffix –ish, and Base Word present
• Compound Words, Suffix –ern, and Root turb
• Endings tion and sion, Suffix –dom, and Root vict

NOTE: List subject to change

Total Lessons: 180

Lesson Time: 120 minutes
You might choose to split the lessons into smaller segments. The online lesson tracking system will allow you to pick up wherever you left off in any given lesson.

• White Dry-Erase Board
• Classics for Young Readers, Vol 5B
• Classics for Young Readers, Vol 5A
• American Tall Tales by Adrien Stoutenburg
• Paddle to the Sea by Holling Clancy Holling
• Exercises in English, Grade 5  (Level E)
• Bard of Avon: The Story of William Shakespeare by Diane Stanley and Peter Vennema
• Curious Creatures
• Vocabulary Workshop - Gr. 5 (Blue)
• I Didn't Know That!
• Writing in Action, Vol.5E
• Writing in Action, Vol.5F
• Don Quixote — K¹² edition, retold for young readers
• American Lives & Legends
• Keyboarding CD
• Word Processing Book
• Test Ready Reading Longer Passages, Book 5
• Test Ready Language Arts, Book 5

Novels
K12 offers a selection of 24 novels for grades 3-5. These novels are listed in order of increasing difficulty as measured by the Lexile scale, a system that measures reading difficulty by sentence length and vocabulary (see Lexile ratings roughly correspond to grade levels as indicated below.

Approximate Grade Level	Lexile Range
3	500-700
4	650-850
5	750-950

Lexile levels are only one means of assessing whether a work is appropriate for your student. When selecting a novel, keep in mind that the lexile rating does not measure subject matter or themes in the work.

Title and Author	Lexile Level
A Lion to Guard Us, by Clyde Robert Bulla	360
Stone Fox, by John Reynolds Gardiner	550
Sarah, Plain and Tall, by Patricia MacLachlan	560
Henry Huggins, by Beverly Cleary	670
Charlotte’s Web, by E.B. White	680
From the Mixed-up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler, by E.L. Konigsburg	700
Li Lun, Lad of Courage, by Carolyn Treffinger	720
In the Year of the Boar and Jackie Robinson, by Bette Bao Lord	730
A Wrinkle in Time, by Madeleine L’Engle	740
The Martian Chronicles, by Ray Bradbury	740
The Outsiders, by S.E. Hinton	750
The Bronze Bow, by Elizabeth George Speare	760
Little House on the Prairie, by Laura Ingalls Wilder	760
The Book of Three, by Lloyd Alexander	770
Tuck Everlasting, by Natalie Babbitt	770
The Sign of the Beaver, by Elizabeth George Speare	770
Walk Two Moons, by Sharon Creech	770
War Comes to Willie Freeman, by Christopher and Lincoln Collier	770
The Cricket in Times Square, by George Selden	780
Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH, by Robert C. O’Brien	790
My Side of the Mountain, by Jean Craighead George	810
Call It Courage, by Armstrong Sperry	830
Johnny Tremain, by Esther Forbes	840
Ramona Quimby, Age 8, by Beverly Cleary	860
The Fellowship of the Ring, by J.R.R. Tolkein	860
The Cay, by Theodore Taylor	860
Pippi Longstocking, by Astrid Lindgren	870
The Hundred Dresses, by Eleanor Estes	870
Dragonwings, by Laurence Yep	870
Jacob Have I Loved, by Katherine Paterson	880
Shiloh, by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor	890
Caddie Woodlawn, by Carol Ryrie Brink	890
Old Yeller, by Fred Gipson	910
Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry, by Mildred D. Taylor	920
The Dark Is Rising, by Susan Cooper	920
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, by C.S. Lewis	940
Bud, Not Buddy, by Christopher Paul Curtis	950
White Fang, by Jack London	970
Anne of Green Gables, by Lucy Maud Montgomery	990
The Door in the Wall, by Marguerite de Angeli	990
Island of the Blue Dolphins, by Scott O’Dell	1000
Ben and Me, by Robert Lawson	1010
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, by Jules Verne	1030
Hound of the Baskervilles, by Arthur Conan Doyle	1090
Across Five Aprils, by Irene Hunt	1100
Catherine, Called Birdy, by Karen Cushman	1170
War of the Worlds, by H.G. Wells	1170
Swiss Family Robinson, by Johann Wyss	1260
The Incredible Journey, by Sheila Burnford	1320

NOTE: List subject to change